To-ji Temple, officially called “Kyoo Gokoku-ji Temple,” is a representative ancient Japanese temple located in Minami-ku, Kyoto. 794, when the capital was moved to Heian-kyo, To-ji Temple was built as a guardian temple for the east and west sides of the capital, and was the eastern counterpart to Nishi Temple. To-ji Temple became the head temple of the Shingon sect of Buddhism after Kobo Daishi Kukai was entrusted by Emperor Saga in the early Heian period, and as the center of esoteric Buddhism, it left a significant mark on the history of Buddhism in Japan. The history of Toji Temple dates back to the beginning of the Heian period. When it was first built, it functioned as a national prayer temple, but in 823, when Kukai was entrusted with its management, it was converted to an esoteric Buddhist temple. From this base, Kukai spread the teachings of Shingon esoteric Buddhism, laying the foundation for its doctrines to the present day. Influenced by Kukai, Toji Temple played an important role in the development of Shingon Buddhism's teachings and culture. One of Toji's most iconic buildings is the five-story pagoda. This pagoda is the tallest surviving wooden structure in Japan and is designated a National Treasure. The first five-story pagoda was built in the 9th century, but was frequently destroyed by lightning and fire. The present pagoda was rebuilt in the early Edo period with the assistance of Tokugawa Iemitsu. The present pagoda was rebuilt in the early Edo period with the help of Tokugawa Iemitsu. Inside the pagoda, Buddhist statues are enshrined, and it is an important space that embodies the cosmology of Shingon esoteric Buddhism. The auditorium also houses a group of Buddhist statues that express the esoteric Buddhist worldview, known as the “three-dimensional mandala. The mandala is an icon that expresses the Buddhist view of the universe, and the arrangement of the Buddhist statues in To-ji Temple is a three-dimensional embodiment of the mandala. This group of Buddhist statues in the lecture hall visually demonstrates the spirit of Shingon esoteric Buddhism at To-ji Temple, and attracts many visitors and researchers.